Espèces de diatomées saumâtres observées à la source bitumineuse du Puy de la Poix : un îlot de curiosité
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.52497/biom.v3i1.304Mots-clés :
Eau saumâtre, Biodiversité, Communautés de diatomées, Sources minéralesRésumé
La source de la Poix est une particularité géologique du Massif central français car elle est connue pour être bitumineuse associée à de l’eau salée, du méthane et des traces d’hydrogène sulfuré. Entre mars 2017 et juin 2020, trois prélèvements ont été effectués en raclant les diatomées sur la couche de bitume. De plus, les conditions physiques et chimiques ont été examinées. Il apparaît que la conductivité de l’eau salée est supérieure à celle de l’océan, entraînant le développement de certaines espèces de diatomées saumâtres, observées pour certaines d’entre elles sur les sédiments intertidaux ou dans les estuaires. Même si les conditions abiotiques étaient extrêmes pour ces algues, la biodiversité était élevée et révèle des espèces ayant une grande capacité à supporter des concentrations et des fluctuations de salinité élevées.
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